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SS-31

Also known as: Elamipretide, MTP-131

Longevity Phase 2 Trials

Mitochondria-targeting tetrapeptide

Mechanism of Action

Binds cardiolipin on the inner mitochondrial membrane to stabilize cristae and improve energy production; investigated for mitochondrial and age-related disease.

Note: In clinical trials (elamipretide) for mitochondrial disease

1,659
Community Posts
410
Users Discussing
26
Research Articles
7
Clinical Trials

Reported Outcomes

Clinical grade reflects published research; Community grade reflects user reports (n=1,659).

Energy Levels

Changes in energy and fatigue levels

Clinical: D
Community: B
35% (299)
Sleep Quality

Effects on sleep quality

Clinical: B
Community: B
28% (247)
Metabolic Health

Metabolic and cellular health improvements

Clinical: C
Community: B
26% (200)
Mental/Mood

Effects on mood and cognitive function

Clinical: C
Community: B
14% (91)
Anti-Aging

Anti-aging and regenerative effects

Clinical: B
Community: B
9% (53)

Who Discusses SS-31

From community reports with demographic data.

Gender (limited data)

Male 71%
Female 29%

n=48

Age Distribution (limited data)

49.5
median age
range: 34-65
30s
40s
50s
60+

n=20

Side Effects

Limited data

Based on 5 user reports (n=5). Frequency indicates how often each was mentioned.

Uncommon (1-5%)

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Crystalizing
Mild 1 reports 7.1%
Degradation (In Vial)
Mild 1 reports 7.1%
Pain At Injection Site (Pip
Mild 1 reports 7.1%
Isr) From Ghk-Cu
Mild 1 reports 7.1%
Extreme Fatigue
Mild 1 reports 7.1%
Hair Thinning
Mild 1 reports 7.1%
Insane Histamine Reactions
Mild 1 reports 7.1%

Risks & Warnings

Important safety considerations based on clinical data and community reports.

!

Psychiatric Effects

3 mentions

Monitor for mood changes. Report any concerning psychiatric symptoms to healthcare provider.

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Injection Site Reactions

82 mentions

Local reactions are common and usually mild. Rotate injection sites.

Dosing

Standard Protocol

Starting Dose
Trial doses ~40mg/day (elamipretide); community protocols vary
Titration
No established community protocol
Half-life
Hours
Administration
Subcutaneous injection

Community Dosing Patterns

Based on 86 mentions

Community-reported patterns, not medical advice.

4mg daily
10
daily
7
5mg daily
5
2mg daily
3
5mg EOD
1

Research

26
Total Articles
7
Clinical Trials
6
Reviews

Key Studies

Efficacy and Safety of Elamipretide in Individuals With Primary Mitochondrial Myopathy: The MMPOWER-3 Randomized Clinical Trial. Clinical Trial

Neurology (2023)

Genotype-specific effects of elamipretide in patients with primary mitochondrial myopathy: a post hoc analysis of the MMPOWER-3 trial. Clinical Trial

Orphanet J Rare Dis (2024)

Elamipretide mitigates ischemia-reperfusion injury in a swine model of hemorrhagic shock. Preclinical

Sci Rep (2023)

The mitochondrially targeted peptide elamipretide (SS-31) improves ADP sensitivity in aged mitochondria by increasing uptake through the adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT). Preclinical

Geroscience (2023)

Elamipretide(SS-31) Attenuates Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis by Inhibiting the Nrf2-Dependent NLRP3 Inflammasome in Macrophages. Preclinical

Antioxidants (Basel) (2023)

Commonly Stacked With

From community members' documented stacks involving SS-31.

MOTS-c 108 stacks (61.4%)
NAD+ 72 stacks (40.9%)
Retatrutide 49 stacks (27.8%)
Tirzepatide 31 stacks (17.6%)
GHK-Cu 19 stacks (10.8%)

Switching Patterns

Based on 117 discussions about switching to or from SS-31.

→ Switching FROM

MOTS-c 30 mentions
Retatrutide 17 mentions
Tirzepatide 6 mentions
Semax 6 mentions

Users who switched to SS-31

← Switching TO

MOTS-c 34 mentions
Retatrutide 11 mentions
GHK-Cu 8 mentions
KPV 4 mentions

Users who switched from SS-31